陕北地区垂柳大苗的快速培育

通过柳杆扦插以及嫁接方法而快速繁育垂柳大苗的具体方法和技术措施,对缓减陕西省榆林地区当前市场垂柳大苗的供需矛盾具有比较重要的意义。     

Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Rice Seedlings Raised with Long Mat by Hydroponics: —Comparison with young seedlings raised in soil—

Summary

Growth and physiological characteristics of rice seedlings raised with long mat by hydroponics (SLH) were compared with those of young seedlings raised in soil (YSS). When SLH and YSS were raised under the similar environmental conditions, the dry weight of shoot in SLH was significantly lighter than that in YSS at the time of seedling harvest, whereas the shoot in SLH was as long as that in YSS. The increase of dry weight of shoot and the decrease of dry weight of grain were smaller in SLH than in YSS during the raising of seedlings. In addition, the content of soluble sugars in the grain of SLH was apparently lower than that of YSS, indicating that the supply of carbohydrates from endosperm to shoot was less in SLH than in YSS. Crop growth rate and mean leaf area index of SLH were lower than those of YSS, while net assimilation rate of SLH was similar to that of YSS. The size of leaf blades in SLH was markedly smaller than that in YSS, whereas no significant difference was observed in the rates of photosynthesis and dark respiration in leaf blades between SLH and YSS. The results suggest that the leaf growth of SLH is reduced by the insufficient supply of carbohydrates from endosperm, and this is the major cause of lower levels of dry matter production in SLH as compared with that in YSS.     

Tissue Culture Response from Seedling Explants of Commercial Barley Cultivars Grown in Bulgaria

Abstract

Only a few studies have been conducted in which regenerability of barley has been examined. In the current study, 17 barley genotypes (nine two-row malting type: Aster, Emon, Ruen, Jubiley, PV101, Körten, Krassi 2, Perun and Igri, and eight six-row feed types: Karnobat, Hemus, Jerun, Veslets, Aheloi 2, Diana, Panagon, and Izrgev) were evaluated for tissue-culture response from seedlings during a three-year period. Regenerable calli were obtained from all tested genotypes. Although there was much variation in regeneration capacity among the cultivars, plants were obtained from all cultivars. The majority of green plants grown to maturity were fertile and normal in appearance. The frequency of embryogénie callus induction and regenerability was influenced by genotype and growth conditions of the donor plants. Genotype was the most important determinant of the in vitro response. The best in vitro performance, based on ability to form regenerable calli and to regenerate plants was observed for Ruen, Aster, and Emon.     

亚硫酸氢钠对茄子幼苗光合作用的影响

本试验以茄子幼苗为试材,研究NaHSO3对光合作用的影响.试验结果表明:高浓度NaHSO3抑制光合速率,低浓度的NaHSO3促进光合速率,300 mg/L NaHSO3为促进光合速率的最佳浓度.NaHSO3可提高茄子幼苗光饱和点,降低光补偿点、CO2补偿点.NaHSO3促进PSI光合电子传递,提高Rubisco的羧化活性和加氧活性,同时Rubisco的羧化活性与加氧活生的比值提高.     

不同苗龄“威廉斯B6”香蕉组培生根苗生产同批假植苗的研究

结合生根培养苗龄、假植基质等因素,研究了不同假植基质对不同苗龄香蕉组培生根苗假植成活率以及对假植苗假茎高度、叶片数、根系数、根系长度等生长指标的影响;同时研究了不同苗龄的瓶苗于不同季节在椰糠+珍珠岩中假植成活率的变化情况。结果表明:相同苗龄的香蕉组培生根苗在不同基质中假植成活率有显著差异,在椰糠+珍珠岩的混合基质中假植成活率最高;不同苗龄也是如此;结合假茎高度、叶片数、根系数、根系长度等生长指标认为椰糠+珍珠岩为最优假植基质,在这一基质中假植成活率可达92%～99%,能够满足不同苗龄香蕉组培生根苗在不同季节对假植基质的要求。     

不同基质配方对辣椒穴盘育苗质量的影响

在温室条件下,以泥炭土和珍珠岩为主要原料,按照不同的比例配合,对不同基质配方对辣椒幼苗生长发育的影响进行了研究。结果表明:辣椒幼苗在珍珠岩含量为25%的复合基质(泥炭土:珍珠岩=3:1)中表现最好,幼苗生长简单指标和复合指标均高于用其它3种配方;珍珠岩含量为50%的复合基质(泥炭土:珍珠岩=1:1)对辣椒幼苗生长有明显的抑制作用;综合分析表明,泥炭土与珍珠岩按照3:1配比作为辣椒穴盘育苗基质效果最佳。     

火龙果茎段再生体系的建立

对火龙果茎段离体培养与植株再生过程进行了研究,建立了火龙果的再生体系。结果表明:愈伤最适诱导培养基为:MS+TDZ 0.4mg/L+KT 0.5mg/L+蔗糖30mg/L+琼脂8.8mg/L;丛生芽增殖最适培养基为:MS+TDZ 0.4mg/L+KT 1.0mg/L+BA 1.0mg/L蔗糖30mg/L+琼脂8.8mg/L;生根最适培养基为:1/2MS+NAA 0.3mg/L蔗糖30mg/L+琼脂8.8mg/L(pH 5.8)。     

三角梅组培苗试管内外生根研究

以紫花三角梅和紫红重瓣三角梅组培苗为试材,研究其在试管内、外的生根情况.结果表明:试管内生根以1/4 MS+IBA 1.5 mg/L+NAA 0.05 mg/L处理的生根情况最好,生根率为92.53％,平均生根数量11条,平均根长4.75 cm;试管外的生根率为43％.     

H2O2诱导低温胁迫下草莓苗抗冷性研究

以草莓品种“丰香”为试材,研究了在低温胁迫下叶面喷施低浓度H2O2后草莓相关抗逆性生理指标的特性.结果表明:不同浓度H2O2处理抑制低温胁迫草莓叶细胞电解质渗透率和丙二醛(MDA)含量的增加,增强了草莓叶细胞内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)的活性.     

不同栽培条件对红大戟块根产量的影响

以荫蔽度、种植密度、肥料为影响因子,块根产量为主要统计指标,采用正交实验设计,研究红大戟在类野生植被下的人工栽培技术.结果表明:影响红大戟块根产量的主次因素依次为种植密度、肥料、荫蔽度,并以种植密度30株/m2、有机肥2.5 kg/m、荫蔽度30％时产量最佳.